Oral Mucosa-1

No.	Question	Answer
1	Body cavity that communicates with external surface is lined by a	Mucous membrane
2	The surface of the oral cavity is a	Mucous membrane
3	The classification of oral mucosa as masticatory, lining and specialized is based on	Function
4	Areas involved in mastication and thereby having a masticatory mucosa are	Gingiva & hard palate
5	The vestibular fornix is lined by	Specialized mucosa
6	The mucosa which covers the buccal musculature is the	Lining mucosa
7	The mucosa which is bound to jaw bone is the	Masticatory mucosa
8	The connective tissue component of oral mucosa is termed as	Lamina propria
9	The interface of epithelium and connective tissue component of oral mucosa is	Corrugated. This is to increase the surface area of contact which promotes the adhesion between the epithelium and connective tissue and helps in distribution of the stress epithelium receives.
10	The comparable part of oral mucosa to the dermis of skin is the	Lamina propria
11	The epithelial projections in to the connective tissue in oral mucosa are the	Epithelial reteridges
12	The width of the basement membrane is	1-4 micrometers
13	The basement membrane is stained positively with	Per Iodic Schiff stain
14	The origin of basal lamina is	Epithelium
15	The lamina propria can be classified as	Papillary and reticular
16	The reticular layer of lamina propria has a	Trellislike arrangement
17	The papillary zone of lamina propria in oral mucosa is absent/ very small in	Alveolar mucosa
18	The sublingual tissues are normally	Nonkeratinized
19	The intermediate filament in oral epithelial cells is the	Keratin
20	The intermediate filament in oral connective tissue cells is	Vimentin
21	The intermediate filament in muscle cells is	Vimentin
22	The intermediate filaments of nervous tissue are	Neural filament
23	All intermediate filaments are	7-11nanometer in width
24	The keratinizing oral epithelium is classified into 4 layers based on	Morphology
25	A determined keratinocytes	Can no longer divide
26	The stratum germinativum refers to	Basal & parabasal spinous layer
27	Hemidesmosomes attach	Epithelium to basal lamina
28	Below the lamina densa towards the connective tissue is	Sublamina densa fibrils
29	The lamina densa is made up of	Type IV collagen
30	Based on electron microscopy the “Intercellular bridges” and “Tonofibrils” of spinous layer of keratinizing epithelium are	Desmosomes and tonofilaments
31	The tonofilaments seen in the spinous layer of keratinizing oral epithelium	Do not cross cells
32	Desmoplakin I and II are found in	Desmosomes
33	The oral keratinizing epithelial layer that has more active protein synthesis is	Stratum spinosum
34	Basophilic keratohyaline granules are contained in cells of	Stratum granulosum
35	Odland body is found in	Stratum granulosum
36	Involucrin contributing to the cornified cell envelope is present in	Stratum granulosum of keratinizing epithelium
37	The histologically amorphous layer of oral epithelium is the	Stratum corneum
38	The largest cell is that belonging to epithelial layer	Stratum corneum
39	Of all the mucosal layers, cells with the largest volume belong to the	Stratum granulosum
40	The layer which in comparison to keratinizing epithelium is absent in nonkeratinizing epithelium	Stratum granulosum
41	In the keratinized masticatory mucosa, submucosa is absent in the	Anterolateral fatty zone
42	The oral parts of the vestigial nasopalatine ducts are contained in	Incisive papilla
43	The Jacobson’s organ (vomeronasal organ) in humans	Disappears after 15th fetal week
44	The width of free gingival groove in humans is about	0.5 – 1.5 millimeters
45	The depressions of the stippling in gingiva correspond to the	Epithelial ridges
46	With increasing age, the collagen of gingiva	Becomes coarser
47	The central concave area of the gingiva below the contact area is referred as the	Col
48	The characteristic morphological feature of the connective tissue papillae of gingiva is that it is	Long, slender and numerous
49	Mucoperiosteum is a term referring to attachment of	Gingiva and periosteum
50	The numerous groups of gingival fibers are the	Dentogingival group
51	The color of gingiva is attributable to	Keratinization; Thickness & underlying vascularity; Pigmentation
52	Pigmentation in gingiva is most abundant in the	Interdental papilla
53	Melanocytes arise from	Neural crest
54	Melanin is produced by	Melanocytes
55	Merkel cells are	Non epithelial keartinocytes; Neural in origin; Specialized pressure sensitive receptor cells
56	The papillae in which taste buds are lacking are the	Filiform papillae
57	The least number of papillae of the tongue are the	Circumvallate papillae
58	The papilla associated with von Ebner’s salivary gland is the	Circumvallate papillae
59	The papilla observed on the lateral border of the posterior tongue are the	Foliate papillae
60	The taste bud is barrel shaped structure the height of which is	70-80 micrometers
61	The number of taste receptors per taste bud is	10 – 12
62	Anchoring filaments which are very fine filaments that traverse the	Lamina lucida
63	The collagen that runs through loops formed by the anchoring fibrils is	Type III collagen
64	The anchoring fibril consists of	Type VII collagen
65	The principal cell in the lamina propria of the oral mucosa is the	Fibroblast
66	The siderophage is a macrophage that ingests	Hemosiderin
67	Burton’s line is seen in the gingiva due to	Lead poisoning
68	Which type of collagen is present in inflamed tissue	Type V collagen
69	The fibers are not found in the oral mucosa	Oxytalan fibers
70	The fibers that can be selectively stained with orcein	Elastic fibers
71	Blood flow through the oral mucosa is greatest in the	Gingiva
72	Touch sensation is most acute in the	Hard palate
73	The truly specialized sensory cell in the oral mucosa is the	Merkel cell
74	With age the oral mucosa shows increase in the number of	Collagen fibers
75	The color of oral mucosa depends on	Concentration and state of dilatation of blood vessels; Thickness of epithelium; Degree of Keratinization
76	Accumulation of fluid is most painful in the	Masticatory mucosa. It is more tight and bound to the bone with no or little space. Hence it is more painful whereas the lining mucosa is loose. This is the reason while injection of the masticatory mucosa is painful while infection is localized whereas in lining mucosa injections are not painful but infections spread out rapidly.
77	In comparison with gastrointestinal mucosa, oral mucosa does not have	Muscularis mucosae
78	Mucoperiosteum is devoid of	Submucosa. As the submucosa is absent in the mucoperisteum, it provides firm and inelastic attachment.
79	The epithelial progenitor cells are single layered in	Floor of mouth. In other thick mucosa it is up to 3 cell thickness.
80	The phase at which the basal epithelial cells of oral mucosa decide to become a progenitor cell or a differentiated cell is called as	Dichophase
81	The approximate turnover rate of oral mucosa is approximately	25 days. In the gingiva it is about 41 to 57 days.
82	The least differentiated oral mucosal epithelial cells are the cells of the	Stratum basale. The most differentiated cells will be the cells of the stratum corneum especially in the orthokeratinized variant.
83	The epithelial component of the dentogingival junction is from	Oral mucosal epithelium; Reduced enamel epithelium; Epithelial cuff
84	The Junctional epithelium of the dentogingival junction is derived from	Reduced enamel epithelium. To be more specific it is derived from the outer enamel epithelium.
85	Sulcular epithelium of the dentogingival junction is derived from	Epithelial cuff
86	The proliferation of outer enamel epithelium and basal cells of oral mucosal epithelium during eruption of teeth is called as	Epithelial cuff
87	The greatest number of papillae per unit area is seen in the	Masticatory mucosa. It is so because the masticatory mucosa has to bear a large amount of masticatory force and hence need more surface area to resist and distribute the forces.
88	The proteoglycan that coats the surface of lamina densa is	Heparan sulfate
89	The glycoprotein that is involved in adhesion of basal cell surface and basement membrane glycoprotein is the	Bullous pemphigoid antigen
90	The principal cell in the lamina propria of the oral mucosa is the	Fibroblast
91	The principal protein of the mature fibers of the oral mucosa is	Elastin
92	Tonofilaments are	Intermediate filaments
93	All normal stratified oral epithelial cells contain	Cytokeratin 5; Cytokeratin 14; Cytokeratin 15. In addition, cytokeratins-1, 6, 10, 16 are localized to keratinized mucosa and 4, 13 in non-keratinized mucosa.
94	Tonofilaments are aggregated to tonofibrils normally in	Keratinized mucosa. In non keratinized mucosa they are dispersed.
95	In the upper part of the prickle cell layer of oral epithelium, an organelle called membrane coating granule is seen that is elongated in	Keratinized mucosa. In non keratinized mucosa they are circular.
96	Bulk of the keratohylaine granules are made up of	Filagrrin
97	Sulphur rich component of the keratohylaine granule is the	Loricin
98	The term “Malpighian layer” contain all layers of oral muocsa include	Stratum basale; Stratum spinosum; Stratum granulosum and NOT Stratum corneum
99	The layer in the non keratinized epithelium that is also referred as “stratum distendum” is	Stratum superficial. It is due to the fact that it is highly flexible.
100	Non-keratinized oral mucosa lacks	Filaggrin
101	The most permeable area of the oral cavity is the	Floor of the mouth
102	The non-keratinocyte of the oral epithelium that exhibit desmosomal attachment to adjacent cells is the	Merkel’s cells
103	The papilla of the oral mucosa starts to appear in developing human at about	7th week of intrauterine life
104	The masticatory oral mucosa before eruption of teeth is usually	Para keratinized mucosa
105	The separation of primary attachment epithelium from the enamel of tooth is termed as	Passive eruption
106	During passive eruption, if the apical end of attachment of epithelium is in enamel, the stage of passive eruption is	First stage
107	The clinical crown and anatomical crown will be the same in	Third stage of the passive eruption
108	Gingival recession is seen with	Fourth stage of passive eruption.
109	A state of passive eruption that is considered as pathological is when passive eruption is in	Third stage. 1st and 2nd stages are considered to be physiological change with age while 3rd and 4th are considered to be pathological at any age.
110	Apical shift of the gingival and trans-septal gingival fibers is seen with	Second stage of passive eruption
111	Secondary attachment epithelium of the dentogingival attachment is replaced by	Gingival epithelium. The primary attachment epithelium is from reduced enamel epithelium.
112	Frenal folds of oral cavity normally do not have	Muscle fibers
113	The papilla of the tongue that is covered by non-keratinized epithelium is	Fungiform papilla. Filiform and circumvallate papilla is covered by keratinized epithelium.
114	The taste buds in circumvallate papilla are predominantly found on the	Lateral walls. In fungiform and foliate papilla the taste buds are seen in the superior surface.
115	The von Ebner salivary glands are	A minor serous salivary gland in association with circumvallate papillae of tongue. Helps in taste sensation.