Periodontium-1

	Question	Answer
1	The components of periodontium	Alveolar bone; Periodontal ligament; Cementum; Gingiva. Of these calcified tissues are the cementum and alveolar bone. The fibrous connective tissues are the periodontal ligament and the lamina propria of the gingiva.
2	The periodontium is attached to	Dentin; Jaw bone; Lamina propria of gingiva
3	The majority of fibers of periodontal ligament are made up of	Collagen
4	The epithelium component in the periodontium is	Cell rests of Malassez
5	The periodontal ligament occupies the space between	Cementum and alveolar bone. Hence this space is called the periodontal ligament space
6	Perifollicular mesenchyme cells are the cells that surround	Dental follicle. They give rise to Cementoblast, Osteoblast, Fibroblast
7	Epithelial cell rests of Malassez are strands of	Hertwig’s root sheath
8	The principal cell of the periodontal ligament is	Differentiated mesenchymal cell
9	The osteoblasts covering the periodontal surface of alveolar bone are	Modified endosteum
10	A periosteum is made up of	Inner cambium and outer fibrous layer
11	The bone lining dental socket is regarded as	Interior surface of bone
12	The precursor cells of osteoclasts are	Circulating monocytes
13	In the osteoclasts occupy resorption bay, the adjacent plasma membrane is known as	Ruffled border
14	The parts of the active osteoclast that lie adjacent to the bone have a	Striated border. Also called as ruffled border, they increase the surface area of the osteoclasts so that they can function efficiently.
15	Osteoclasts are rich in	Acid phosphatase. In order to cause the bone resorption an excess of this enzyme is needed.
16	Collagen synthesis in periodontal ligament is the function of	Fibroblast
17	Collagen degradation in periodontal ligament is the function of	Fibroblast
18	The cell junction most commonly observed between cells of periodontal ligament is	Gap junctions
19	The majority of fibers of periodontal ligament are	Collagen
20	The majority of types of collagen in periodontal fibers are	Type I and III
21	Collagen macromolecules are rod like and arranged to form	Fibrils
22	Light microscopy can visualize collagen fibers of diameter above	0.2 micrometers
23	The most superficial fibers of periodontal ligament are the fibers of the	Alveolar crest group
24	The most numerous periodontal ligament fibers are the	Oblique group
25	Coronal insertion of the oblique fibers of the periodontal ligament is in	Alveolar bone
26	The principle fibers of periodontal ligament frequently have a	Wavy course
27	Elastic fibers of periodontal ligament are generally restricted to	Blood vessels
28	The oxytalan fibers of periodontal ligament tend to run from	Axial direction
29	The oxytalan fibers form a complex network at	Apex
30	In the periodontal ligament the oxytalan fibers	Extends from superficial cementum apically to terminate in association with blood vessels & nerves
31	Periodontal ligament does not contain	Mature Elastic fibers. It contains collagen, Oxytalan & elaunin and Immature elastic fibers.
32	Glycoprotein’s can be demonstrated in light microscopy by	Periodic acid –Schiff method
33	Fibronectin is a	Glycoprotein
34	The arterial supply of periodontal ligament is derived from	Branches of apical vessels; Branches of intra-alveolar vessels; Branches of gingival vessels
35	The blood capillaries in the periodontal ligament are more	Nearer to bone. The blood capillaries in the periodontal ligament are nearer to bone and numerous in the apex and the cervical part of the ligament.
36	The lymphatic flow in periodontal ligament is from the periodontal ligament to the	Alveolar bone
37	The fastest turnover rate of collagen in all the connective tissue is seen with	Periodontal ligament
38	Calcified bodies seen in periodontal ligament fibers are known as	Cementicles
39	When cementicles are attached to cementum it is referred as	Excementoses
40	Periodontal ligament varies in width from	0.15-0.38 millimeters
41	Periodontal ligament is thinnest at	Middle third of the root
42	As compared to tooth in function, periodontal ligament in non functional tooth is	Thicker
43	The thickness of periodontal ligament in an embedded tooth is	Thin
44	The thickness of periodontium is maintained by	Functional remodeling
45	The periodontal ligament increases in thickness in	Excessive occlusal stresses.
46	The thin periodontal ligament at the middle third of root indicates that	Fulcrum of physiologic movement lies here
47	Occlusal trauma is always restricted to	Intra-alveolar tissues
48	Orthodontic tooth movement relies on fact that there is possible	Resorption of alveolar bone; Formation of alveolar bone; Remodeling of periodontal ligament fibers
49	The stimulus provided by the orthodontic treatment is transmitted by the	Periodontal ligament
50	Fibronexus involves	Intracellular filaments; Dense cell membrane; Sticky attachment glycoprotein fibronectin
51	Fibroblasts are motile because of the action of	Actin
52	Sharpey’s fibers are fully mineralized in	Acellular cementum
53	Perforating arteries are more in	Periodontal ligament of posterior teeth
54	The principal fiber of the periodontal ligament which extends from tooth to tooth is	Transseptal group
55	The initial attachment of periodontal ligament during odontogenesis is modified by	Pre-eruptive tooth movements; Eruptive tooth movements; Adjustment of occlusion
56	The fibers of periodontal ligament attain their maximum thickness with	Function. When the tooth comes in to function, the periodontal ligament fiber bundles attain their maximum thickness. Also in the age group of 11 -18 years, the thickness is the highest.
57	Root planning or removal of damaged cementum heals by a false attachment because of the absence of	Hyalin layer of Hopewell Smith. When this layer is removed during root planning then the healing and the attachment is not perfect.
58	The anatomical location of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells in periodontal ligament fiber is at	Perivascular region. The undifferentiated mesenchymal cells are situated within 5 micrometers of the blood vessels.
59	The base of the socket is formed by the fibers of periodontal ligament belonging to	Apical group
60	The fibers of the periodontal ligament that is associated with the neural elements are the	Oxytalan
61	The principal constituent of the glycosaminoglyans in PDL is the	Dermatan sulfate
62	In maxillary central incisors, in the periodontal ligament, numerous neural elements exist in the	Coronal half of the labial periodontal ligament. In all other tooth neural elements are seen in large numbers in the apical region and in the labial or buccal side.